F-One Archery game for children: Sukma 2022

The paper, in Indonesian, describes the development of F-One Archery, a game for after-school archery sessions at a state primary school in Jambi, Sumatra, where bows were scarce and children waited, bored, for their turn. The game combines the stages by which children learn to shoot with exercises for flexibility, endurance, speed, agility and strength.

The only outcome is how well it was liked. The content experts rated the game at 96% and the teaching-materials experts at 87%; the children rated it at 95% in a first trial with 2 pupils, 92% with 12 and 89% with 25, all of which the authors' scale labels 'highly suitable'. The experts asked for the paper targets to be replaced with thicker card and for brighter colours.

The study follows the ADDIE model of educational research and development: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The needs analysis rests on interviews with a few pupils and an observation sheet filled in by the researcher, who is also the school's physical education teacher and a coach at a club in the city.

The game was then rated by content and materials experts, whose number is not given, using questionnaires on a 1 to 5 scale converted into percentages, and tried out with three progressively larger groups of 2, 12 and 25 children. The two larger groups used it for two sessions and then completed a questionnaire on the look of the materials, the content and the training model. The analysis is purely descriptive.

The paper does not describe the game: the rules, distances, targets, equipment and the way the stages of the shot become a game are all missing, so it cannot be repeated. There is no measure of shooting, neither score nor technique, and no physical measure: when the conclusions call the model effective they go beyond the data, which concern only how much it was liked. The questionnaires were given to his own pupils by the same teacher who devised the game, and the children's ages are not reported.

Some figures change from one page to another (for the group of 12, the table's 92% becomes 91% in the discussion) and the text places Indonesia's Olympic silver medal in Seoul in 1992, when it was won in 1988: signs of careless editing.

For anyone who shoots, the study changes nothing. For anyone teaching children at a school with few bows, it offers an idea rather than a finding: alternating shooting with movement games so that nobody is left queuing, and the children at this school said they liked the game. It does not say whether they will learn to shoot better or faster, or how much the novelty of an unusual activity counted in ratings collected after only two sessions.